Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua npuas ncauj polyurethane
Cov khoom siv ua npuas ncauj polyurethane yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj cov qauv porous. Nws yog siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li kev tsim kho, rooj tog, tsheb, ntim khoom, thiab lwm yam vim nws cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev, rwb thaiv suab, cushioning thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Kev tsim cov npuas ncauj polyurethane yog ib qho txheej txheem nyuaj thiab tshuaj lom neeg, uas cov catalysts ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm.
Mechanism ntawm kev tsim cov polyurethane ua npuas ncauj
Kev tsim cov polyurethane ua npuas ncauj muaj ob qho kev tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb: kev ua npuas ncauj thiab kev ua npuas ncauj gel.
Cov tshuaj ua npuas ncauj yog hais txog cov txheej txheem uas isocyanate (-NCO) tshuaj nrog dej los tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide (CO₂):
R-NCO + H₂O → R-NH₂ + CO₂↑
Cov pa roj CO₂ uas tsim los ntawm qhov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua rau cov khoom sib xyaw nthuav dav los ua cov qauv ua npuas ncauj.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv gel yog hais txog cov txheej txheem uas isocyanate reacts nrog polyol hydroxyl (-OH) los tsim cov saw polyurethane:
R-NCO + R'-OH → R-NH-CO-O-R'
Qhov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv no txiav txim siab qhov kawg lub zog thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj.
Txoj kev tsim cov hlwb qhib thiab kaw hauv ua npuas ncauj
1. Txoj kev tsim cov ua npuas ncauj qhib
Qhov tsim ntawm cov ua npuas qhib-cell yog vim qhov tseeb tias thaum lub siab tshaj plaws tsim nyob rau hauv lub npuas, lub phab ntsa cell tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv gel tsis muaj zog txaus los tiv taus lub phab ntsa membrane ncab los ntawm kev nce siab ntawm cov roj siab, ua rau lub pob zeb phab ntsa membrane tawg thiab cov roj tawm ntawm qhov tawg. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv no muab cov ua npuas qhib-cell cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Huab cua zoo permeability
- Kev ua tau zoo heev ntawm kev nqus suab
- Lub zog kho tshuab tsis tshua muaj zog
- Kev ua haujlwm thermal siab
Qhov qhib cell rate (lossis kaw cell rate) yog ib qho cim qhia tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb xws li thermal conductivity, noo noo permeability thiab dimensional stability ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj.
2. Txoj kev tsim cov ua npuas ncauj kaw
Kev tsim cov ua npuas ncauj kaw-cell xav tau qhov ceev gelation sai dua, uas feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv ntau yam kev ua haujlwm, qis molecular hnyav polyether polyols los cuam tshuam nrog polyisocyanates. Hauv lub kaw lus no:
- Qhov ceev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv gel yog ceev txaus
- Lub zog ntawm phab ntsa cell nce sai sai
- Cov pa roj tsis tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm phab ntsa cell
- Ib lub qauv ua npuas ncauj uas muaj cov hlwb kaw tau tsim
Ua npuas ncauj polyurethane uas kaw-cell yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev lag luam cia khoom txias vim nws ua tau zoo heev rau kev rwb thaiv tsev kub. Nws tus nqi kaw-cell feem ntau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 90% -95%.
Daim ntawv thov ntawmMXC-37 (DMAEE)catalyst hauv polyurethane ua npuas ncauj
MXC-37 (DMAEE) yog ib qho tshuaj amine uas tsis muaj pa phem, tsw qab tsawg nrog cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov polyurethane ua npuas ncauj:
1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom
- Kev ua npuas dej ntau: tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov qauv uas muaj cov dej ntau
- Tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw: txo cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm amine hauv ua npuas ncauj
- Kev siv tau yooj yim: siv tau ua tus catalyst tseem ceeb ib leeg lossis ua tus co-catalyst ua ke nrog BDMAEE, thiab lwm yam.
2. Cov chaw thov tseem ceeb
- Cov tshuaj polyurethane ua npuas dej (SPF) uas tsis ntom heev, ua npuas dej uas muaj qhov me me
- Ua npuas ncauj mos mos raws li ester
- Ua npuas dej me me
- Cov khoom siv elastomer
- Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv (RIM) thiab kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv (RRIM)
- Cov ntawv thov ntim khoom ua npuas ncauj ruaj khov
3. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuab
MXC-37 (DMAEE) tuaj yeem ua tau:
- Txhim kho qhov qauv ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj
- Txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj
- Txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom
- Txo cov pa phem ntawm cov organic compound (VOC)
Kev Xaiv thiab Kev Txhim Kho ntawmPolyurethane Catalyst
Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, kev xaiv cov catalysts yuav tsum xav txog cov hauv qab no:
1. Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo: Xaiv cov tshuaj catalyst uas muaj kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog raws li cov txheej txheem xav tau
2. Cov kev xav tau ntxhiab tsw: Yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj ua kom tsw ntxhiab tsawg rau cov ntawv thov uas rhiab rau ntxhiab tsw.
3. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm ib puag ncig: Ua raws li cov cai ib puag ncig uas nruj zuj zus
4. Kev siv nyiaj tsim nyog: Txhim kho cov nqi thaum ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo
MXC-37 (DMAEE) tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau ntau yam khoom ua npuas polyurethane zoo vim nws muaj kev ua tau zoo heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ntawv thov uas muaj cov kev cai nruj txog kev tsw ntxhiab thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
Xaus lus
Cov tshuaj polyurethane catalysts ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev npaj cov khoom siv ua npuas ncauj. Ntau hom tshuaj catalysts tuaj yeem tswj cov qauv pore, cov khoom siv lub cev thiab cov yam ntxwv ua tiav ntawm cov npuas ncauj. Ua ib qho tshuaj catalyst zoo thiab zoo rau ib puag ncig, MXC-37 (DMAEE) muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov npuas ncauj polyurethane, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom ua npuas ncauj uas xav tau tsw qab tsawg thiab kev ua tau zoo. Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas li ntawm cov kev xav tau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev nce qib ntawm thev naus laus zis, hom tshuaj catalyst ua tau zoo no yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam polyurethane.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-22-2025