Kev Taw Qhia: Kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem polyurethane tsuag ua npuas ncauj
Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig uas nruj zuj zus, polyurethane tsuag ua npuas dej ua cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev zoo, nws qhov kev siv tau nthuav dav tas li. Tam sim no, muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam: cov txheej txheem ua npuas dej ib txwm muaj thiab cov txheej txheem ua npuas dej HFO (hydrofluoroolefin) tshiab. Ua tus kws tshaj lij tsim cov tshuaj polyurethane catalysts, peb yuav tshuaj xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm ob lub tshuab, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab yuav ua li cas xaiv cov tshuaj catalyst kom raug los ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej ua npuas ncauj polyurethane tsuag ua npuas ncauj
Cov ntsiab cai yooj yim thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Lub Tshuab Ua Npuas Dej (WBA) yog ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ua npuas dej qub tshaj plaws thiab laus tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam polyurethane. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog siv dej los ua kom sib xyaw nrog isocyanate (-NCO) los tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide (CO₂) ua cov pa roj ua npuas dej:
R-NCO + H₂O → R-NH₂ + CO₂↑
Qhov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv no tib lub sijhawm tsim cov qauv polyurea uas muab qee qhov kev tawv rau cov ua npuas dej. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub kaw lus ua npuas dej suav nrog:
- Qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi: Dej yog tus neeg sawv cev uas pheej yig tshaj plaws
- Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig: xoom ODP (ozone depletion potential), qis GWP (global warming potential)
- Cov txheej txheem laus: ntau xyoo ntawm keeb kwm thov, cov txheej txheem zoo meej
Daim teb thov ib txwm muaj
1. Kev rwb thaiv tsev: kev txau tshuaj rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa thiab ru tsev
2. Kev xa khoom txias: kev rwb thaiv cua sov ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom txias thiab kev khaws cia txias
3. Cov kav dej lag luam: tiv thaiv xeb thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov kav dej petrochemical
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua tau zoo
- Qhov ceev ntau: feem ntau 30-50kg / m³
- Kev ua kom sov: 0.022-0.028W / (m · K)
- Tus nqi obturator: 90-95%
- Kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov ntev: ≤1.5% (70 ℃, 48h)
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm HFO foaming polyurethane tsuag ua npuas ncauj system
Tiam tshiab ntawm kev siv tshuab ua kom lub cev muaj zog
Tus neeg sawv cev HFO (hydrofluoroolefin) yog tus neeg sawv cev tshuab plaub tiam uas tau tsim nyob rau xyoo tas los no, sawv cev rau cov khoom xws li HFO-1233ZD (E) thiab HFO-1336MZZ (Z). Piv rau cov neeg sawv cev HCFCS thiab HFC ib txwm muaj, HFO muaj:
- GWP qis heev: feem ntau <10, qis dua li cov neeg sawv cev HFC hom tshuab
- Xoom ODP: tsis ua rau puas tsuaj rau txheej ozone
- Kev rwb thaiv cua sov zoo heev: cov pa roj thermal conductivity qis dua CO₂
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Ua ib yam khoom siv ua npuas dej, HFO feem ntau vam khom nws txoj kev nthuav dav kom tsim tau cov qauv ua npuas dej, tab sis nws tseem xav tau dej los koom nrog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg kom muab lub zog ua npuas dej ntxiv:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb: HFO vaporization nthuav dav
Side reaction: H₂O + -NCO → CO₂ + polyurea
Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv thov
1. Kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo: Cov haujlwm tsev ntsuab nrog cov kev cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nruj heev
2. Kev rwb thaiv hluav taws xob: lub tub yees, lub tshuab cua sov dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev rwb thaiv tsev
3. Kev Siv Dav Hlau: Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb uas muaj qhov hnyav thiab kev ua tau zoo xav tau
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua tau zoo
- Qhov ceev ntau yam: 28-45kg / m³
- Kev ua kom sov tau zoo: 0.018-0.022W / (m · K)
- Tus nqi obturator: 92-97%
- Kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov ntev: ≤1.2% (70 ℃, 48h)
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov catalysts hauv ob qho tib si systems
Cov khoom ntawmMXC-70 catalyst
MXC-70 yog ib qho tshuaj amine catalyst uas ua haujlwm tau zoo heev, tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw qab, tsim tshwj xeeb rau polyurethane spray foam nrog cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw: Txhim kho qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv chaw ua haujlwm nruj
- Cov kab nkhaus du thiab ua npuas dej: muab cov gel sib npaug thiab ua npuas dej kom txo cov qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw
- Kev nplaum zoo dua: Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev nplaum ntawm ntau yam substrates (hlau, ntoo, pob zeb, thiab lwm yam)
- Siv tau dav: Sib xws nrog dej ua npuas ncauj thiab HFO ua npuas ncauj
Cov kev tsis txawj:
- Hom tshuaj lom neeg: tertiary amine complex
- Kev Ua Si: Nruab Nrab Siab
- Kev siv pom zoo: 0.3-1.2php
- Siv tau pH ntau yam: 7-10
Catalytic mechanism hauv dej foaming system
MXC-70 ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no hauv cov dej ua npuas dej:
1. Kev sib xyaw ntawm dej nrog isocyanate (kev sib xyaw ua npuas dej)
2. Kev sib xyaw ntawm polyols nrog isocyanates (gel reaction)
3. Kev sib txuas ua ke (ua kom lub zog ua npuas ncauj nce ntxiv)
Nws cov qauv molecular tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kev ua haujlwm nruab nrab ntawm theem pib ntawm kev ua npuas ncauj, thiab muab lub zog gel txaus ntawm theem tom qab ntawm kev ua npuas ncauj, yog li kom tau txais cov npuas dej sib xws nrog qhov chaw tiaj tus.
Lub luag haujlwm txhim kho hauv HFO system
Cov kab ke HFO feem ntau ntsib cov teeb meem hauv qab no vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ua kom cua tshuab:
- Qhov sib npaug ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj thiab gel nyuaj rau tswj
- Kev kho qhov chaw qeeb qeeb
- Kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom tsis ruaj khov
Lub MXC-70 ua kom lub HFO system ua haujlwm tau zoo dua los ntawm:
1. Kho qhov nkhaus ntawm kev ua npuas dej kom phim cov yam ntxwv ntawm HFO vaporization
2. Txhim kho tom qab kho kom zoo dua qub
3. Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov interface thiab txhim kho qhov ntub dej ntawm cov substrate
Cov lus qhia txog kev xaiv lub kaw lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv thov
Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub tshuab ua npuas dej zoo
1. Xav txog cov kev cai lij choj ib puag ncig
- Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas kev ua lag luam nruj: qhov tseem ceeb HFO system
- Cov teb chaws uas tseem tab tom txhim kho: Cov txheej txheem ua npuas dej tseem sib tw tau zoo
2. Soj ntsuam cov kev cai ua tau zoo
- Kev ua kom sov sov tsawg heev: Xaiv lub kaw lus HFO
- Cov kev xav tau lub zog siab: Cov txheej txheem ua npuas dej yuav zoo dua
3. Kev xav txog tus nqi
- Qhov project uas siv nyiaj tsawg: Lub tshuab ua npuas dej
- Cov haujlwm siab kawg: Tus nqi ntxiv ntawm HFO systems tuaj yeem lees txais
Cov ntaub ntawv thov kev vam meej
Rooj Plaub 1: Ib qho project tsev ntsuab (Lub tshuab ua npuas dej)
- Siv MXC-70 catalyst hauv 0.8php
- Ua tiav qhov thermal conductivity 0.025W/(m·K)
- Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho tau nce ntxiv 15%
- LEED tau ntawv pov thawj
Rooj Plaub 2: Kab tsim khoom siv tub yees zoo (HFO System)
- MXC-70 sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj catalyst tshwj xeeb
- Kev ua kom sov thermal txo qis rau 0.019W / (m · K)
- Qhov ceev ntawm cov ua npuas dej txo qis 12%
- Kev txuag tau nyiaj txhua xyoo txog li $80,000 rau kev siv hluav taws xob
Kev loj hlob yav tom ntej thiab kev kwv yees txog thev naus laus zis
1. Kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov dej ua npuas dej
- Kev ua tau zoo dua nrog cov catalysts tshiab
- Txo kev siv dej kom txo tau qhov brittleness
- Kev tsim cov qauv tshuaj uas tiv taus hluav taws kub heev
2. Kev nce qib ntawm HFO thev naus laus zis
- Kev tsim cov tshuaj ua kom cov HFO uas pheej yig dua
- Kev hloov pauv tau zoo dua
- Txhim kho qhov system stability
3. Kev txhim kho ntawmcov tshuaj ua kom lub cev muaj zogthev naus laus zis
- Cov tshuaj catalyst reactive (VOC txo qis)
- Lub kaw lus catalytic ntse (hloov kho rau ntau yam mob sib txawv)
- Cov tshuaj catalyst ntau yam (catalytic + nplaim taws retardant + ruaj khov)
Xaus lus thiab tswv yim
Cov tshuab ua npuas dej thiab HFO ua npuas dej muaj qhov zoo, thiab kev xaiv nyob ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm kev siv, qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ib puag ncig thiab kev xav txog tus nqi. Txawm siv lub tshuab twg los xij, kev xaiv cov tshuaj catalyst zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom cov khoom zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo.
MXC-70 yog ib qho tshuaj catalyst zoo heev, uas tau lees paub los ntawm kev ua lag luam nrog cov kev siv hauv qab no:
- Muab kev sib npaug ntawm cov ua npuas dej / gel rau cov dej ua npuas dej
- Daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev kho thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov HFO systems
- Cov yam ntxwv tsw qab tsawg txhim kho qhov chaw ua haujlwm
- Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev sib xws ntawm cov khoom
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-15-2025