Cov ua npuas dej tsuag yog ib yam khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev uas siv tau ntau yam los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob sab, feem ntau hu ua sab A thiab sab B. Sab B feem ntau muaj cov polyols sib xyaw ua ke, uas sib xyaw nrog isocyanates los tsim cov polyurethane, nrog rau cov catalysts, cov tshuaj tua hluav taws, cov neeg ua kom cua tshuab, thiab cov surfactants. Thaum cov khoom no sib xyaw ua ke, lawv sib xyaw thiab nthuav dav, nce ntxiv 30 txog 60 npaug. Qhov kev nthuav dav no ua rau cov ua npuas dej tsuag zoo li cov khoom siv uas nws siv rau, tsim kom muaj ib daim thaiv tsis muaj qhov sib txuas uas txhim kho kev rwb thaiv tsev kub.
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag ua npuas ncauj rwb thaiv tsev feem ntau ntsuas los ntawm nws tus nqi R, uas qhia txog kev tiv taus cua sov. Tus nqi R siab dua cuam tshuam nrog kev ua tau zoo dua ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev. Cov tshuaj tsuag polyurethane ua npuas ncauj muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ceev thiab cov qauv cell. Cov tshuaj tsuag ua npuas ncauj qis-density, hu ua qhib-cell SPF, yog softer thiab yoog tau dua, thaum cov tshuaj tsuag siab-density, lossis kaw-cell SPF, yog rigid thiab muab cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev zoo dua. Ntawm 1.8 txog 2 phaus ib cubic foot, cov tshuaj tsuag ua npuas ncauj kaw-cell muaj tus nqi R siab tshaj plaws ntawm txhua cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev ua npuas ncauj rwb thaiv tsev muaj nyob hauv khw, ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua rau kev siv hluav taws xob txuag hluav taws xob.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim cov tshuaj tsuag kaw-cell feem ntau siv cov neeg sawv cev hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua kom lub ntiaj teb sov siab. Cov neeg sawv cev no tuaj yeem tshem tawm qee qhov txiaj ntsig huab cua los ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob los ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem ib puag ncig no, ntau tus neeg muag khoom tsuag ua npuas ncauj tau hloov mus rauhydrofluoroolefin (HFO) cov neeg sawv cev ua npuas dej txij li thaum ntxov xyoo 2017. HFOs muaj peev xwm ua rau lub ntiaj teb sov qis dua thiab muab lwm txoj hauv kev ruaj khov dua yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov ua npuas dej.
Ntxiv rau nws cov peev xwm rwb thaiv tsev, cov tshuaj tsuag ua npuas dej kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua ib qho kev thaiv cua zoo, txo cov pa tawm thiab pab txhawb rau kev siv hluav taws xob tag nrho ntawm cov tsev. Tus cwj pwm no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si nyob hauv tsev thiab chaw ua lag luam, qhov twg kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias hauv tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Kev siv cov catalysts, xws liMXC-41thiab MXC-BDMA, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tsuag ua npuas ncauj. Cov catalysts no pab ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov polyols thiab isocyanates sai dua, ua kom muaj kev tsim ua npuas ncauj sai thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem kho, cov catalysts no txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag ua npuas ncauj, ua rau lawv tsis tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam. Mingxu Chemical Company tau tsim cov tshuaj polyurethane catalyst rau ntau tshaj 20 xyoo ntawm keeb kwm, peb muaj txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thiab pab pawg kws tshaj lij, kev tswj hwm qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj catalyst noo noo thiab concentration rau kev ua lag luam zoo tshaj plaws thiab hloov kho cov khoom catalyst, ntau cov khoom siv, txais tos cov neeg siv khoom tuaj sab laj.
Xaus lus, cov ua npuas dej tsuag yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo rau kev rwb thaiv tsev uas ua ke nrog kev tiv taus cua sov zoo heev nrog rau kev txhim kho zoo rau ib puag ncig. Nrog rau kev txhim kho cov qauv tshiab thiab cov tshuaj catalysts, cov ua npuas dej tsuag tseem yog ib qho kev xaiv nrov rau kev tsim kho thiab kho dua tshiab uas siv hluav taws xob tsawg.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-09-2024